Chilblains on the Hands: Causes and Treatments
Discover what chilblains are, their most common causes, and the most effective treatments to relieve them.
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What are chilblains and how do they affect the skin?
Cold weather and low temperatures can have an impact on our skin and, in some cases, lead to the appearance of chilblains on the hands. But what exactly are chilblains, you may ask? It’s a condition that typically affects the hands and feet, causing swelling, inflammation, and blisters.
Why do chilblains occur? This skin condition is closely linked to exposure to moisture, which is why chilblains are more common during winter. Specifically, it’s the extreme shift from cold to warm that causes the blood vessels to constrict, leading to inflammation that can itch and become quite uncomfortable. Frequent mobile phone use doesn’t help either, as holding the phone outdoors for a photo or checking social media exposes the skin to the cold, even when temperatures are low.
In most cases, chilblains don’t cause permanent damage and typically resolve within two to three weeks, especially when temperatures rise. However, if the condition persists, it’s advisable to consult a professional.
Why do chilblains occur and what causes them?
Chilblains are an unusual reaction of the body to temperature changes, although certain factors can increase the risk of developing them, such as not wearing appropriate clothing or footwear for the cold, being underweight, living in damp areas, excessive alcohol consumption, or suffering from conditions like Raynaud’s disease, vasculitis, or autoimmune disorders. Women, in particular, are more likely to develop this condition.
To recognise chilblains, you can look at the following symptoms:
- Reddened areas or small itchy areas.
- Sores or blisters.
- Pain or swelling.
- Burning sensation.
- Changes in skin colour from red to bluish.
Effective treatment for chilblains: relief and skin care
There is no single treatment for chilblains, although they can be prevented in the following ways:
- Limit exposure to cold, wrap up warm and protect exposed skin as much as possible.
- Wear loose clothing and thick gloves.
- Stay in warm environments whenever possible.
- Eat a diet rich in foods with vitamins A, C and D.
- Exercise to improve blood circulation.
- Avoid smoking (harmful for vascular diseases, as it hinders wound healing).
If chilblains have already appeared on the hands, it’s essential to keep the skin warm and dry to alleviate the symptoms. Topical corticosteroids may help, but their use should be discussed with a doctor or pharmacist beforehand. It’s also essential to avoid scratching to reduce the risk of skin infection and keep the skin moisturised.
